The Nature of Middle-earth

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The Free Peoples of Middle-earth were the four races that had never fallen under the sway of the evil spirits Morgoth or Sauron: Elves, Men, Dwarves and Ents. Strictly speaking, among Men it was only the Men of the West who were Free People, particularly the descendants of the Dúnedain of the Isle of Númenor, as most Men of the East and South of Middle-earth became servants of Morgoth and Sauron over the ages. The Ent Treebeard quotes lines from a traditional lay listing them: [T 8] First name the four, the free peoples Eldest of all, the elf-children Dwarf the delver, dark are his houses Ent the earthborn, old as mountains Man the mortal, master of horses

Tolkien, J. R. R. (1987). Christopher Tolkien (ed.). The Lost Road and Other Writings. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-395-45519-7. Over time, this obsession distorted his actions and he betrayed the White Council and partnered with Sauron. He resided in the former city/fort of Gondor, Isengard, where he captures Gandalf. Gwaihir lord of eagles in Middle Earth rescues Gandalf. Women joined their husbands' families. Women were seldom named in genealogies but if a son is seen to be 110 years younger than his father, this usually indicates an elder daughter. Thorin's sister Dís was named simply because of the gallant death of her sons Fíli and Kíli. [2] The Nature of Middle-earth is a 2021 book of previously unpublished materials on Tolkien's legendarium, compiled and edited by the scholar Carl F. Hostetter. Some essays were previously published in the Elvish linguistics journal Vinyar Tengwar, where Hostetter is a long-time editor. [1] Book [ edit ] Publication history [ edit ] The two Wizards journeyed into the East and South of Middle-earth, where they remained; they were not heard or seen west of Mordor.

Alatar and Pallando are Quenya names. The first is not clear, and possibly contains the Quenya elements for "radiance" (cf. Alatariel) and/or the ending - tar "lord" (cf. Annatar). [7] Pallando, according to Christopher Tolkien, possibly contains the element palan- "far" [1] :401 Between 2' and 4', around 60 to 120 cm. Elsewhere noted as between 3' and 4' never less and seldom more. The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey: Gandalf mentions the Blue Wizards when he explains the number of Wizards, and says that he has forgotten their names. Since the film production team did not have the rights to include material from sources other than The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, the decision to include the line "Blue Wizards" (only appearing in Unfinished Tales [11]) has been regarded as legally controversial. [12] It is well known that J.R.R. Tolkien published The Hobbit in 1937 and The Lord of the Rings in 1954–5. What may be less known is that he continued to write about Middle-earth in the decades that followed, right up until the years before his death in 1973.

In earlier versions of the legendarium, " Gods" was a word used often to refer to them [4], and Valur and Valir for a short time denoted male and female Valar. [5] List of the Valar The Hobbits had a distinct calendar. Every year started on a Saturday and ended on a Friday, with each of the twelve months consisting of thirty days. Some special days did not belong to any month - Yule 1 and 2 (New Year's Eve and New Years Day) and three Lithedays in mid summer. Every fourth year there was an extra Litheday. Garth, John (2003). Tolkien and the Great War. London: HarperCollins (published 2004). p. 76. ISBN 978-0-00-711953-0. Speech " The Common Speech of the West in those days I have represented by English. This noble tongue had spread in the course of time from the kingdoms of Fornost and Gondor, and hobbits preserved no memory of any other speech; but they used it in their own manner, in their daily affairs very much as we use English; though they had always at command a richer and more formal language when occasion required, or when they had dealings with other people." — Tolkien in his first draft of Prologue: Concerning Hobbits [3]The War of the Jewels was prompted after Fëanor refused to forfeit his Silmarils to the Valar, for the rekindling of the Two Trees. He ended his and the Ñoldor's allegiance with the Valar, and bore a new conflict between the Elves and Melkor. [2] The Valar soon fortified their realm, and brought about the "Hiding of Valinor", preventing Melkor and Fëanor and his followers from entering. The conflict between Melkor and the Valar was not resolved until the war's climax, during which the Valar came physically into Beleriand, helped conquer Melkor's forces at Angband, and captured him. He was taken to Aman and cast behind the Door of Night. [3] J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The War of the Jewels, "Part Two. The Later Quenta Silmarillion: Concerning the Dwarves (Chapter 13)", p.? Enslaved peoples were those races that had fallen under the sway of the evil spirits Morgoth and Sauron, also known by the Free Peoples as 'Servants of the Enemy'. They included Orcs, Trolls and Men. The origin of Orcs and Trolls is unclear, but they were races that were taken by Morgoth and corrupted through sorcery into their final evil nature and appearance. Men were rarely corrupted by Morgoth or Sauron in the same way. Rather, their hearts and minds were corrupted by power and evil impulses, while they retained the physical appearance of men. Prolonged service to Sauron however, did turn the bearers of the Rings of Power from Men into the wraith-like Nazgûl. Those men who were the servants of Morgoth or Sauron were mostly from the east and south of Middle-earth.