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Gum recession that doesn’t result from too much brushing is usually a sign of later-stage gum disease, however. At this point, a periodontist can examine the issue and advise on appropriate treatment. What to Expect at the Periodontist Hormonal changes in women and people assigned female at birth, such as pregnancy or using birth control pills, can increase your chances of developing periodontitis. At Meadows Dental Care, we use the differences between a dentist and periodontist to ensure that our team can support you. How Meadows Dental Care Helps

Periodontology or periodontics (from Ancient Greek περί, perí – 'around'; and ὀδούς, odoús – 'tooth', genitive ὀδόντος, odóntos) is the specialty of dentistry that studies supporting structures of teeth, as well as diseases and conditions that affect them. The supporting tissues are known as the periodontium, which includes the gingiva (gums), alveolar bone, cementum, and the periodontal ligament. A periodontist is a dentist that specializes in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of periodontal disease and in the placement of dental implants. [1] The periodontium [ edit ] A diagram of the periodontium. A. Enamel B. Dentine C. Alveolar bone D. Oral epithelium E. Attached gingiva F. Gingival margin G. Gingival sulcus H. Junctional epithelium I. Alveolar crest fibres of periodontal ligament [PDL] J. Horizontal fibres of PDL K. Oblique fibres of PDL Gingivitis: This is early-stage gum disease and it’s less severe than periodontitis. With gingivitis, your gums become red and swollen, but you haven’t started losing bone around your teeth yet. Gingivitis is reversible if you clean your teeth better and go to your dentist regularly for cleanings.Antibiotics: Your dentist may prescribe oral antibiotics to fight infection. Or they may place a topical antibiotic underneath your gums to target the affected area.

An oral health therapist is a member of the dental team who is dual-qualified as a dental hygienist and dental therapist. They work closely with dentists and a number of dental specialists including periodontists. It is common for the oral health therapist to be involved in the treatment of gingival and periodontal diseases for patients. Their scope of practice in this area includes oral health assessment, diagnosis, treatment and maintenance and referral where necessary. They also have expertise in providing oral health education and promotion to support the patient to maintain their at-home oral care. [47] Oral health therapists are employed by the dental team to share the responsibilities of care. They are an important asset as they have been uniquely and specifically trained in preventative dentistry and risk minimization. This allows the dental team to work more competently and effectively as dentists can manage more complex treatments or significantly medically compromised patients. [48] Periodontist [ edit ] The prognosis of the restorative treatment is determined by the periodontal health. The goals for establishing periodontal health prior to restorative treatment are as follows: There are three main types of gum disease: gingivitis, periodontitis and acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG).Alcohol consumption: more research needs to be conducted in the form of longitudinal studies on the effects of alcohol on the periodontal tissues. However, current studies suggest that alcohol consumption moderately increases one's risk for progression of periodontal disease. [29] a b c d e Duarte, Poliana Mendes; da Rocha, Marcelo; Sampaio, Eduardo; Mestnik, Maria Josefa; Feres, Magda; Figueiredo, Luciene Cristina; Bastos, Marta Ferreira; Faveri, Marcelo (July 2010). "Serum Levels of Cytokines in Subjects with Generalized Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis before and after Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy: A Pilot Study". Journal of Periodontology. 81 (7): 1056–1063. doi: 10.1902/jop.2010.090732. PMID 20192617. While some general dentists treat less serious periodontal cases, many will refer their patients to periodontists for the more challenging periodontal cases. Similarly, while some general dentists perform dental implant procedures, many will refer their patients to periodontists for the more challenging implant cases as well. Periodontists are dentistry’s experts in the surgical placement of dental implants. There are two important reasons for your general dentist to refer you to a periodontist:

Hugoson, A.; Ljungquist, B.; Breivik, T. (March 2002). "The relationship of some negative events and psychological factors to periodontal disease in an adult Swedish population 50 to 80 years of age". Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 29 (3): 247–253. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-051x.2002.290311.x. PMID 11940145. de Vries, Kevin (July 2015). "Primary care: Gingivitis". The Australian Journal of Pharmacy. 96 (1141): 64. McCaul, L. K.; Jenkins, W. M. M.; Kay, E. J. (June 2001). "The reasons for extraction of permanent teeth in Scotland: a 15-year follow-up study". British Dental Journal. 190 (12): 658–662. doi: 10.1038/sj.bdj.4801068. PMID 11453155. Climax community (homeostasis): after a prolonged period of stability, the bacterial community has sufficient nutrients and protection to survive. These complex biofilms are usually found in hard to cleanse areas. Nutrition is provided from dietary consumption of the host for supra-gingival biofilm organisms and from blood and GCF for the sub gingival biofilm organisms. [19] Periodontal treatment should be managed to assure the establishment of firm gingival margin prior to tooth preparation for restoration. Absence of bleeding tissue during restorative manipulation provides accessibility and aesthetic outcome. [42]

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Your doctor may also prescribe medications, including either systemic antibiotics that you’ll take orally or local antibiotics in gel form that you’ll apply topically. They are often not enough on their own to treat periodontal disease but they can help make scaling and root planing more effective. If you have periodontitis, here are a few questions you may want to ask your dentist or periodontist: Periodontal diseases take on many different forms but are usually a result of a coalescence of bacterial plaque biofilm accumulation of the red complex bacteria (e.g. P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, and T. denticola) of the gingiva and teeth, combined with host immuno-inflammatory mechanisms and other risk factors that can lead to destruction of the supporting bone around natural teeth. Untreated, these diseases can lead to alveolar bone loss and tooth loss. As of 2013 [update], periodontal disease accounted for 70.8% of teeth lost in patients with the disease in South Korea. [12] Periodontal disease is the second most common cause of tooth loss (second to dental caries) in Scotland. [13] Twice-daily brushing and flossing are a way to help prevent periodontal diseases. [14] Neiva, Rodrigo F.; Steigenga, Jennifer; Al-Shammari, Khalaf F.; Wang, Hom-Lay (July 2003). "Effects of specific nutrients on periodontal disease onset, progression and treatment". Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 30 (7): 579–589. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-051x.2003.00354.x. PMID 12834494. A periodontist routinely performs gum surgeries. There are several different types of surgical periodontal treatments, including:

Nash, David A. (October 2012). "Envisioning an oral healthcare workforce for the future". Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 40: 141–147. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.2012.00734.x. PMID 22998319. a b c Gurenlian, JoAnn R. (31 December 2007). "The Role of Dental Plaque Biofilm in Oral Health". American Dental Hygienists' Association. 81 (suppl 1): 116. Along with specialist periodontist treatment, a general dentist or dental hygienist can perform routine scale and cleans using either hand instruments or an ultrasonic scaler (or a combination of both). The practitioner can also prescribe specialized plaque-removal techniques (tooth brushing, interdental cleaning). The practitioner can also perform a plaque index to indicate to the patient areas of plaque they are not removing on their own. This can be removed through the procedure of a dental prophylaxis. [16] Aetiology [ edit ]The main cause of periodontitis is poor oral hygiene. Bacteria cling to plaque and tartar on your teeth surfaces. If you don’t clean your teeth as well or as often as you should, bacteria travel down beneath your gum line, where your toothbrush and floss can’t reach. These harmful bacteria erode the tissues that support your teeth, leading to infection, bone loss and tooth loss. These tests help them create a periodontal treatment plan. Your periodontist, a dentist, or dental hygienist may all be part of your treatment. Antibiotics or a thorough cleaning can often control early stages of gum disease. More advanced cases may require surgery. Oshman, Sarah; El Chaar, Edgard; Lee, Yoonjung Nicole; Engebretson, Steven (25 July 2016). "Effect of patient age awareness on diagnostic agreement of chronic or aggressive periodontitis between clinicians; a pilot study". BMC Oral Health. 17 (1): 27. doi: 10.1186/s12903-016-0258-0. PMC 4960759. PMID 27456238.