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a b c "Discussion about the Chinese name for giant panda (in Chinese)". Archived from the original on 24 January 2008 . Retrieved 17 January 2008. Since 2010, community-based conservation programmes have been initiated in 10 districts in Nepal that aim to help villagers reduce their dependence on natural resources through improved herding and food processing practices and alternative income possibilities. The Nepali government ratified a five-year Red Panda Conservation Action Plan in 2019. [92] From 2016 to 2019, 35ha (86 acres) of high-elevation rangeland in Merak, Bhutan, was restored and fenced in cooperation with 120 herder families to protect the red panda forest habitat and improve communal land. [93] Villagers in Arunachal Pradesh established two community conservation areas to protect the red panda habitat from disturbance and exploitation of forest resources. [45] China has initiated several projects to protect its environment and wildlife, including Grain for Green, The Natural Forest Protection Project and the National Wildlife/Natural Reserve Construction Project. For the last project, the red panda is not listed as a key species for protection but may benefit from the protection of the giant panda and golden snub-nosed monkey, with which it overlaps in range. [94] In captivity Red panda at Symbio Wildlife Park Scientists Discover Evidence of Giant Panda's Population History and Local Adaptati Giant pandas reach sexual maturity between the ages of four and eight, and may be reproductive until age 20. [100] The mating season is between March and May, when a female goes into estrus, which lasts for two or three days and only occurs once a year. [101] When mating, the female is in a crouching, head-down position as the male mounts her from behind. Copulation time ranges from 30 seconds to five minutes, but the male may mount her repeatedly to ensure successful fertilisation. The gestation period is somewhere between 95 and 160 days - the variability is due to the fact that the fertilized egg may linger in the reproductive system for a while before implanting on the uterine wall. [101] a b c d Wei, F.; Feng, Z.; Wang, Z. & Hu, J. (2000). "Habitat use and separation between the Giant Panda and the Red Panda". Journal of Mammalogy. 81 (2): 448–455. doi: 10.1644/1545-1542(2000)081<0448:HUASBT>2.0.CO;2.Api Nampa Conservation Area, Khaptad National Park, Rara National Park, Annapurna Conservation Area, Manaslu Conservation Area, Langtang National Park, Gaurishankar Conservation Area, Sagarmatha National Park, Makalu Barun National Park, Kanchenjunga Conservation Area [36] a b Glatson, A. R. (1994). "The Red Panda or Lesser Panda ( Ailurus fulgens)" (PDF). Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan for Procyonids and Ailurids. The Red Panda, Olingos, Coatis, Raccoons, and their Relatives. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN/SSC Mustelid, Viverrid, and Procyonid Specialist Group. pp.8, 12. ISBN 2-8317-0046-9. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 March 2021 . Retrieved 7 July 2020. a b Hassanin, A.; Veron, G.; Ropiquet, A.; van Vuuren, B. J.; Lécu, A.; Goodman, S. M.; Haider, J.; Nguyen, T. T. (2021). "Evolutionary history of Carnivora (Mammalia, Laurasiatheria) inferred from mitochondrial genomes". PLOS ONE. 16 (2): e0240770. Bibcode: 2021PLoSO..1640770H. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240770. PMC 7886153. PMID 33591975. Sharma, H. R.; Swenson, J. E. & Belant, J. (2014). "Seasonal food habits of the Red Panda ( Ailurus fulgens) in Rara National Park, Nepal". Hystrix. 25 (1): 47–50. doi: 10.4404/hystrix-25.1-9033.

Kumar, A.; Rai, U.; Roka, B.; Jha, A. K. & Reddy, P. A. (2016). "Genetic assessment of captive red panda ( Ailurus fulgens) population". SpringerPlus. 5 (1): 1750. doi: 10.1186/s40064-016-3437-1. PMC 5055525. PMID 27795893. Antón, M.; Salesa, M. J.; Pastor, J. F.; Peigné, S. & Morales, J. (2006). "Implications of the functional anatomy of the hand and forearm of Ailurus fulgens (Carnivora, Ailuridae) for the evolution of the 'false-thumb' in pandas". Journal of Anatomy. 209 (6): 757–764. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2006.00649.x. PMC 2049003. PMID 17118063.a b Wei, F.; Feng, Z.; Wang, Z.; Zhou, A. & Hu, J. (1999). "Use of the nutrients in bamboo by the Red Panda Ailurus fulgens". Journal of Zoology. 248 (4): 535–541. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1999.tb01053.x. Fossil record Reconstructed skull and head of Simocyon, a large carnivorous early relative of the modern red panda a b c Reid, D. G.; Jinchu, H. & Yan, H. (1991). "Ecology of the Red Panda Ailurus fulgens in the Wolong Reserve, China". Journal of Zoology. 225 (3): 347–364. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1991.tb03821.x.

Because of the synchronous flowering, death, and regeneration of all bamboo within a species, the giant panda must have at least two different species available in its range to avoid starvation. While primarily herbivorous, the giant panda still retains decidedly ursine teeth and will eat meat, fish, and eggs when available. In captivity, zoos typically maintain the giant panda's bamboo diet, though some will provide specially formulated biscuits or other dietary supplements. [74]a b Flynn, J. J.; Finarelli, J. A.; Zehr, S.; Hsu, J. & Nedbal, M. A. (2005). "Molecular phylogeny of the Carnivora (Mammalia): Assessing the impact of increased sampling on resolving enigmatic relationships". Systematic Biology. 54 (2): 317–337. doi: 10.1080/10635150590923326. PMID 16012099. bear cat" or "cat bear" (in Chinese)". 聯合報. 29 December 1987. Archived from the original on 3 September 2015 . Retrieved 31 March 2015. Giant Pandas". National Zoological Park. Archived from the original on 3 June 2010 . Retrieved 7 November 2010. Kong, F.; Zhao, J.; Han, S.; Zeng, B.; Yang, J.; Si, X.; Yang, B.; Yang, M.; Xu, H. & Li, Y. (2014). "Characterization of the gut microbiota in the red panda ( Ailurus fulgens)". PLOS ONE. 9 (2): e87885. Bibcode: 2014PLoSO...987885K. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087885. PMC 3912123. PMID 24498390.